Java Text Blocks (Java 15+)

// Before text blocks — messy escape-heavy string
String json = "{\n" +
              "  \"name\": \"Alice\",\n" +
              "  \"age\": 30\n" +
              "}";

// With text block — clean and readable
String json = """
        {
          "name": "Alice",
          "age": 30
        }
        """;

// Both produce the same string value
System.out.println(json);
// {
//   "name": "Alice",
//   "age": 30
// }

// Text blocks are regular String objects — all String methods work
System.out.println(json.getClass()); // class java.lang.String
System.out.println(json.contains("Alice")); // true

class MyClass {
    String query = """
            SELECT id, name
            FROM users
            WHERE active = true
            """;
    // The 12 spaces of indentation before SELECT are "incidental"
    // and are stripped. The result is:
    // "SELECT id, name\nFROM users\nWHERE active = true\n"
}

// Position of closing """ controls indentation stripping:

// 1. Closing """ at column 0 — strips minimum indentation
String a = """
    line 1
    line 2
""";
// Result: "    line 1\n    line 2\n"  (4-space indent preserved)

// 2. Closing """ indented — strips more leading whitespace
String b = """
    line 1
    line 2
    """;
// Result: "line 1\nline 2\n"  (4 spaces stripped by closing """)

// Trailing newline: if closing """ is on its own line, there IS a trailing \n
// To suppress trailing newline, put closing """ right after last content:
String noTrailing = """
    hello""";  // "hello" — no trailing newline

// Line continuation — \ at end of line suppresses the newline
String longUrl = """
        https://example.com/api/v1/\
        users?status=active&page=1\
        """;
// Result: "https://example.com/api/v1/users?status=active&page=1"
// (no newlines, despite the multi-line source)

// \s preserves trailing whitespace (useful in fixed-width formats)
String padded = """
        red  \s
        green\s
        blue \s
        """;
// Each line ends with exactly 2 spaces (the literal space + \s)

// Standard escapes still work in text blocks
String withQuotes = """
        She said \"hello\" to everyone.
        He replied: it\'s fine.
        """;

// SQL query — readable, no escape clutter
String sql = """
        SELECT u.id, u.username, o.total
        FROM users u
        JOIN orders o ON o.user_id = u.id
        WHERE u.active = true
          AND o.created_at > :since
        ORDER BY o.created_at DESC
        LIMIT :limit
        """;

// JSON payload for HTTP request
String requestBody = """
        {
          "event": "user.signup",
          "data": {
            "username": "%s",
            "email": "%s",
            "plan": "free"
          }
        }
        """.formatted(username, email);

// HTML email template
String html = """
        <!DOCTYPE html>
        <html>
          <body>
            <h1>Welcome, %s!</h1>
            <p>Your account is ready. <a href="%s">Click here</a> to get started.</p>
          </body>
        </html>
        """.formatted(name, loginUrl);

// XML config
String config = """
        <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
        <configuration>
          <server port="8080" host="0.0.0.0"/>
          <database url="jdbc:postgresql://localhost/mydb"/>
        </configuration>
        """;

// formatted() — text block version of String.format()
String greeting = """
        Hello, %s!
        Your score is %d out of %d (%.1f%%).
        """.formatted("Alice", 95, 100, 95.0);

// stripIndent() — programmatically strip incidental indent from a runtime string
String runtime = "    line1\n    line2\n    line3\n";
System.out.println(runtime.stripIndent());
// line1
// line2
// line3

// translateEscapes() — interpret escape sequences in a runtime string
String withEscapes = "Hello\\nWorld";        // literal backslash-n
System.out.println(withEscapes.translateEscapes()); // Hello
                                                     // World

// indent(n) — add or remove leading whitespace from each line
String indented = "line1\nline2\n".indent(4);
// "    line1\n    line2\n"
String dedented = "    line1\n    line2\n".indent(-2);
// "  line1\n  line2\n"